Bufo bufo

Common name: the Common Toad

Conservation status: Least Concern

Distribution: Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom.

Size: up to 150 mm

Description: prominent parotoid glands behind the eyes; the pupil is horizontal; upperside is tuberculate; upperside coloration varies from grayish-white to reddish-brown; underside is yellowish-gray with dark spots

Habitat: forests, groves, bushlands, meadows, arid areas, parks and gardens

Activity: nocturnal

Diet: various invertebrates

Reproduction: breeding period depends on location; reproduction takes place in still water and slow-moving parts of rivers and streams; eggs are laid into the water and arranged in double string

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